• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a thermal conditioning circuit, notably for a motor vehicle, comprising a first heat exchanger (1) forming an evaporator, a second heat exchanger (2) forming a condenser, a third heat exchanger (3) forming an evaporator, a pump (4), a pressure reducer (5), a reversible device (6) able to form a compressor or a pressure reducer, and means (V, CI, C2, C3) able to cause a refrigerant to circulate through the circuit in an air-conditioning mode when the vehicle is stopped or in an energy-recovery mode when the vehicle is moving along.
    公开号:SE1650689A1
    申请号:SE1650689
    申请日:2014-10-08
    公开日:2016-05-20
    发明作者:Laurent Labaste-Mauhe；Samy Hammi；Régine Haller；Yulia Glavatskaya；Mohamed Yahia；Bertrand Nicolas；Abdelmajid Taklanti
    申请人:Valeo Systemes Thermiques；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    THERMAL CONDITIONING CIRCUIT, NOTABLY FOR A MOTORVEHICLE The present invention relates to a thermal Conditioning circuit, notablyfor a motor vehicle.
    When a vehicle equipped with a thermal engine is operated, significantthermal losses are dissipated through exhaust gas or the engine coolingsystem. Therefore a need to exploit these thermal losses exists, specifically inorder to reduce C02 emissions.
    Equipping motor vehicles with an air-conditioning device enabling theair intended to enter the passenger compartment of the vehicle, in order toimprove the comfort of the driver and passengers, is also known.
    Such an air-conditioning device conventionally includes a refrigerantcircuit comprising a condenser, an evaporator, a compressor and a pressurereducer. Coolness is produced at the evaporator while calories are evacuatedoutside the vehicle, at the condenser. The compressor is generally driven bythe thermal engine (mechanical compressor). lt may be necessary to operate such an air-conditioning device, asneeded, when the engine is stopped. To do this, using a thermal conditioningcircuit of the aforementioned type is known, also comprising a compressordriven by an electrical engine (electrical compressor). ln this case, it ispossible to operate the air-conditioning device using the mechanicalcompressor when the thermal engine is started and using the electricalcompressor when the thermal engine is stopped.
    Apart from its complexity, such a device does not enable part of theaforementioned thermal losses to be exploited.
    Specifically, the purpose of the invention is to provide a simple,effective and economical solution to this problem.
    For this purpose, the invention proposes a thermal conditioning circuit,notably for a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a first heatexchanger forming an evaporator, a second heat exchanger forming acondenser, a third heat exchanger forming an evaporator, a pump, a pressure reducer, a reversible device able to form a Compressor or a pressure reducer,and means able to cause a refrigerant to circulate through the circuitaccording to at least one of the following operational modes: - a first operational mode in a first loop traversing at leastsuccessively the second heat exchanger, the pressure reducer, the first heatexchanger and the reversible device forming a compressor, - a second operational mode in a second loop traversing at leastsuccessively the second heat exchanger, the pump, the third heat exchangerand the reversible device forming a pressure reducer before again traversingthe second heat exchanger.
    A reversible device that can be used for the implementation of theinvention is for example known from document US 7 347 673.
    Thus, placing the second heat exchanger (condenser) in the front partof a motor vehicle so as to evacuate calories outside is possible. ln addition,the first heat exchanger (evaporator) enables, for example, a flow of air drawnfrom outside the vehicle to be cooled before causing it to enter the passengercompartment. The pump is preferably of the mechanical type, i.e., driven bythe thermal engine when it is started. Conversely, the reversible device canbe coupled to a motor reducer able to form an electrical engine or anelectrical generator.
    Lastly, the third heat exchanger (evaporator), also called a boiler, canenable calories issued from thermal losses due to engine operation, such asfor example calories taken from the flow of exhaust gas or from the enginecooling system, to be recovered. ln such a configuration, the first operational mode enables the vehicleto be air conditioned when the engine is stopped. The reversible device thenacts as a compressor, driven for example by the aforementioned motorreducer.
    The second operational mode enables electrical energy to berecovered thanks to the reversible device coupled for example to a motorreducer acting as an electrical generator. The second operational modecorresponds to a Rankine cycle.
    Advantageously, the thermal cooling circuit comprises means to carryout a forced sub-cooling of the refrigerant upstream from the pump, such asfor example a bottle.
    Such forced sub-cooling improves the effectiveness of the air-conditioning and guarantees the supply of refrigerant in liquid form to thepump so as to prevent any deterioration of the pump.
    According to a characteristic of the invention, the first heat exchangerand the third heat exchanger preferentially and respectively form a low-pressure evaporator and a high-pressure evaporator.
    According to a characteristic of the invention, the means able to causea refrigerant to circulate in the circuit are preferentially valves.
    According to a characteristic of the invention, the circuit comprises adesiccant bottle, disposed upstream from the pump and/or downstream fromthe sub-cooling means.
    This specifically enables variations in the circulating mass of therefrigerant in operation to be absorbed and compensates for possible leaks inthe circuit.
    According to a characteristic of the invention, the pressure reducermay specifically but not exclusively be an opening, an electronic pressurereducer or a thermostatic pressure reducer.
    Preferably, the pressure reducer is an electronic pressure reducer. Anelectronic pressure reducer controls differences in pressure of the refrigerantbetween the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the circuit comprises afirst portion extending between the inlet of the first heat exchanger and thepressure reducer, a second portion extending between the pressure reducerand a first end of the second heat exchanger forming an inlet or an outlet ofthe second heat exchanger, a third portion extending between a second endof the second heat exchanger forming an outlet or an inlet of the second heatexchanger, on the one hand, and a branch, on the other hand, a fourthportion extending between the branch and the inlet of the pump, a fifth portionextending between the outlet of the pump and the inlet of the third heatexchanger, a sixth portion extending between the outlet of the third heat exchanger and the branch, a seventh portion extending between the branchand the reversible device, an eighth portion extending between the reversibledevice and the outlet of the first heat exchanger, a ninth bypass portion of thepressure reducer connecting the second portion to the first portion, a tenthbypass portion of the first heat exchanger, connecting the first portion to theeighth portion, and at least one valve and/or at least one one-way check valvesituated at the branch and/or the aforementioned portions so as to enable thecirculation of fluid according to the aforementioned operational modes.
    The circuit may comprise a valve situated at the branch, said valvebeing selectively able to: - ensure the connection only between the third portion and theseventh portion, - ensure the connection between the third portion and the fourthportion, on the one hand, and the connection between the sixth portion andthe seventh portion, on the other hand. ln addition, the ninth portion may comprise means, such as forexample a first one-way check valve, able to allow the passage of refrigerantthrough said ninth portion during the second operational mode and able toprevent the passage of refrigerant through said ninth portion during the firstoperational mode. ln addition, the tenth portion may comprise means, such as forexample a second one-way check valve, able to allow the passage ofrefrigerant through said tenth portion during the second operational mode andable to prevent the passage of refrigerant through said tenth portion duringthe first operational mode.
    Lastly, the eighth portion may be equipped with a refrigerantaccumulator, the circuit comprising an eleventh bypass portion of saidaccumulator equipped with means, such as for example a one-way checkvalve, enabling the passage of refrigerant through said eleventh portionduring the second operational mode and preventing the passage ofrefrigerant through said eleventh portion during the first operational mode.
    The presence of an accumulator specifically enables variations in thecirculating mass of the refrigerant in operation to be absorbed andcompensates for possible leaks in the circuit. lt will be noted that the number of valves or check valves and theirlocations can vary depending on the embodiments of the invention, the mainpoint being that these valves or check valves ensure the two operationalmodes described previously.
    According to a characteristic of the invention, the first exchanger isable to exchange heat with the air intended to discharge into the passengercompartment of the vehicle.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the third heatexchanger is able to exchange heat with a fluid heated by thermal losses dueto the operation of the motor vehicle engine.
    The reversible device may also be coupled to an electric motorgenerator able to form an electrical engine driving the reversible device whenthe latter forms a compressor, and able to form an electrical generator drivenby the reversible device when the latter forms a pressure reducer.
    The invention will be better understood and other details,characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear upon reading thefollowing description given by way of non-limiting example with reference tothe appended drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic view illustrating a first operational modeof a thermal conditioning circuit in conformance with the invention, - Figure 2 is a Mollier diagram illustrating the operational mode ofFigure 1, - Figures 3 and 4 are views respectively corresponding to Figures1 and 2, illustrating a second operational mode of the circuit according to theinvenfion.
    A thermal conditioning circuit of a motor vehicle is represented inFigures 1 and 3. This circuit comprises a first heat exchanger 1 forming anevaporator, a second heat exchanger 2 forming a condenser, a third heatexchanger 3 forming an evaporator, a pump 4, a thermostatic pressure reducer 5 and a reversible device 6 able to form a Compressor or a pressurereducer.
    Pump 4 is driven in rotation by the thermal engine of the vehicle, whenthe engine is started.
    According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, pump 4 isdriven in rotation by an electrical engine or by a pressure reducer.
    The reversible device 6 is coupled to an electric motor generator 7 ableto form an electrical engine driving the reversible device 6 when the latterforms a compressor, and able to form an electrical generator driven by thereversible device 6 when the latter forms a pressure reducer.
    A reversible device 6 that can be used for the implementation of theinvention is for example known from document US 7 347 673.
    The second heat exchanger 2 (condenser) can be situated in the frontpart of a motor vehicle so as to evacuate calories to the outside. ln addition,the first heat exchanger 1 (evaporator) enables a flow of air drawn fromoutside the vehicle to be cooled before causing it to enter the passengercompartment of the vehicle. Lastly, the third heat exchanger 3 (evaporator),also called a boiler, can enable calories issued from thermal losses due toengine operation, such as for example calories taken from the flow of exhaustgas or from the engine cooling system, to be recovered directly or indirectly.
    The circuit comprises the following portions: - a first portion P1 extending between the inlet of the first heatexchanger 1 and the pressure reducer 5, - a second portion P2 extending between the pressure reducer 5and a first end of the second heat exchanger 2 forming an inlet or an outlet ofthe second heat exchanger 2, - a third portion P3 extending between a second end of thesecond heat exchanger 2 forming an outlet or an inlet of the second heatexchanger 2, on the one hand, and a branch E, on the other hand, - a fourth portion P4 extending between branch E and the inlet ofDUmD 4, - a fifth portion P5 extending between the outlet of pump 4 andthe inlet of the third heat exchanger 3, - a sixth portion P6 extending between the outlet of the third heatexchanger 3 and branch E, - a seventh portion P7 extending between branch E and thereversible device 6, - an eighth portion P8 extending between the reversible device 6and the outlet of the first heat exchanger 1, - a ninth bypass portion P9 of pressure reducer 5 connecting thesecond portion P2 to the first portion P1, - a tenth bypass portion P10 of the first heat exchanger 1,connecting the first portion P1 to the eighth portion P8, and - an e|eventh bypass portion P11 of an accumulator 8.
    The circuit also comprises a valve V situated at branch E, said valve Vbeing selectively able to: - ensure the connection only between the third portion P3 and theseventh portion P7, - ensure the connection between the third portion P3 and thefourth portion P4, on the one hand, and the connection between the sixthportion P6 and the seventh portion P7, on the other hand. ln addition, the ninth portion P9 comprises a first one-way check valveC1, the tenth portion P10 comprises a second one-way check valve C2 andthe e|eventh portion P11 comprises a third one-way check valve C3.
    Each check valve C1, C2, C3 is able to allow the passage of refrigerantthrough the corresponding portion in one direction of circulation of refrigerantand able to prevent the passage of refrigerant through said portion in theopposite direction of circulation.
    Means enabling forced sub-cooling of refrigerant, such as for examplea sub-cooler exchanger 9, equip the fourth portion of the circuit P4, betweenbranch E and pump 4. The fourth portion P4 is also equipped with a desiccantbottle 10, disposed between the second heat exchanger 2 and the sub-cooling means 9. ln addition, the eighth portion P8 is equipped with theaforementioned accumulator 8.
    The operation of this circuit will now be described in further detail.
    A first operational mode is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. ln Figure 1(and in Figure 3 described below), the portions or elements of the circuittraversed by the flow of refrigerant are represented in bold lines while theportions or elements of the circuit in which the refrigerant does not circulateare represented in dotted lines. ln this operational mode, the refrigerant circulates along a first loopsuccessively traversing the second heat exchanger 2 (condenser), thepressure reducer 5, the first heat exchanger 1 (evaporator), the accumulator8, the reversible device 6 forming a compressor and the valve V before againtraversing the second heat exchanger 2 (condenser). ln this operational mode, reversible device 6 is driven by the motorreducer 7 operating as an electrical engine. The flow of air intended todischarge into the passenger compartment is cooled by evaporator 1, thecalories then being rejected by condenser 2. ln the first operational mode, thecircuit can operate even when the thermal engine is stopped. ln fact, pump 4is not operational and the movement of refrigerant along the circuit is ensuredby the reversible device 6.
    The corresponding thermodynamic cycle is illustrated in the Mollierdiagram of Figure 2. ln this diagram, the x-axis is formed by the enthalpy Hand the y-axis is formed by the pressure p of the refrigerant.
    Points referenced i1 to i4 have been transferred to both the Mollierdiagram and to the circuit illustrated in Figure 1 in order to facilitateunderstanding. The phases (liquid; diphasic, i.e., liquid and vapor; vapor) arealso indicated in the diagram, as well as the different steps of the cycle(evaporation, condensation, compression, expansion).
    A second operational mode is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. ln this operational mode, the refrigerant circulates along a second loopsuccessively traversing the second heat exchanger 2 (condenser), the valveV, the desiccant bottle 10, the sub-cooling means 9, the pump 4, the thirdheat exchanger 3 (evaporator), the valve V, the reversible device 6 forming apressure reducer, and check valves C3, C2 and C1, before again traversingthe second heat exchanger 2 (condenser).
    The second operational mode corresponds to a Rankine cycle andenables the electrical energy to be recovered thanks to the reversible device67. ln fact, in this operational mode, the reversible device 6 forms a pressurereducer and drives the motor generator 7 operating as an electrical generatorso as to recover a significant amount of energy. Also in this operational mode,pump 4 is driven by the thermal engine of the vehicle, when the engine isstarted. The calories issued from the thermal losses of the engine arerecovered using the third heat exchanger 3.
    As previously, the thermodynamic cycle corresponding to the secondoperational mode is illustrated in the Mollier diagram of Figure 4.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1] 1. A thermal Conditioning circuit, notabiy for a motor vehicle,characterized in that it comprises a first heat exchanger (1)forming anevaporator, a second heat exchanger (2) forming a condenser, a third heatexchanger (3) forming an evaporator, a pump (4), a pressure reducer (5), areversible device (6) able to form a compressor or a pressure reducer, andmeans (V, C1, C2, C3) able to cause a refrigerant to circulate through thecircuit according to at least one of the following operational modes: - a first operational mode in a first loop traversing at leastsuccessively the second heat exchanger (2), the pressure reducer (5), thefirst heat exchanger (1) and the reversible device (6) forming a compressor,and - a second operational mode in a second loop traversing at leastsuccessively the second heat exchanger (2), the pump (4), the third heatexchanger (3) and the reversible device (6) forming a pressure reducer beforeagain traversing the second heat exchanger (2).
    [2] 2. The thermal conditioning circuit according to claim 1,characterized in that the circuit comprises means enabling forced sub-coolingof the refrigerant upstream from the pump (4), such as for example a sub-cooling exchanger (9).
    [3] 3. The thermal conditioning circuit according to claim 1 or 2,characterized in that it comprises a desiccant bottle (10), disposed upstreamfrom the pump (4) and/or upstream from the sub-cooling means (9).
    [4] 4. The thermal conditioning circuit according to one of claims 1 to3, characterized in that the pressure reducer (5) is an electronic pressurereducer.
    [5] 5. The thermal conditioning circuit according to one of claims 1 to4, characterized in that it comprises a first portion (P1) extending between the 11 inlet of the first heat exchanger (1) and the pressure reducer (5), a secondportion (P2) extending between the pressure reducer (5) and a first end of thesecond heat exchanger (2) forming an inlet or an outlet of the second heatexchanger (2), a third portion (P3) extending between a second end of thesecond heat exchanger (2) forming an outlet or an inlet of the second heatexchanger (2), on the one hand, and a branch (E), on the other hand, a fourthportion (P4) extending between the branch (E) and the inlet of the pump (4), afifth portion (P5) extending between the outlet of the pump (4) and the inlet ofthe third heat exchanger (3), a sixth portion (P6) extending between the outletof the third heat exchanger (3) and the branch (E), a seventh portion (P7)extending between the branch (E) and the reversible device (6), an eighthportion (P8) extending between the reversible device (6) and the outlet of thefirst heat exchanger (1 ), a ninth bypass portion (P9) of the pressure reducer(5) connecting the second portion (P2) to the first portion (P1), a tenth bypassportion (P10) of the first heat exchanger (1), connecting the first portion (P1)to the eighth portion (P8), and at least one valve (V) and/or at least one one-way check valve (C1, C2, C3) situated at the branch (E) and/or at theaforementioned portions so as to enable the circulation of fluid in the aforementioned operational modes.
    [6] 6. The thermal conditioning circuit according to claim 5,characterized in that it comprises a valve (V) situated at the branch (E), saidvalve (V) being selectively able to: - ensure the connection only between the third portion (P3) andthe seventh portion (P7), - ensure the connection between the third portion (P3) and thefourth portion (P4), on the one hand, and the connection between the sixthportion (P6) and the seventh portion (P7), on the other hand.
    [7] 7. The thermal conditioning circuit according to claim 5 or 6,characterized in that the ninth portion (P9) comprises means, such as forexample a first one-way check valve (C1), able to allow the passage ofrefrigerant through said ninth portion (P9) during the second operational 12 mode and able to prevent the passage of refrigerant through said ninthportion (P9) during the first operational mode.
    [8] 8. The thermal conditioning circuit according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the tenth portion (P10) comprises means, such as forexample a second one-way check valve (C2), able to allow the passage ofrefrigerant through said tenth portion (P10) during the second operationalmode and able to prevent the passage of refrigerant through said tenthportion (P10) during the first operational mode.
    [9] 9. The thermal conditioning circuit according to one of claims 5 to8, characterized in that the eighth portion (P8) is equipped with a refrigerantaccumulator (8), the circuit comprising an eleventh bypass portion (P11) ofsaid accumulator equipped with means, such as for example a one-waycheck valve (C3), enabling the passage of refrigerant through said eleventhportion (P11) during the second operational mode and preventing thepassage of refrigerant through said eleventh portion (P11) during the firstoperational mode.
    [10] 10.9, characterized in that the first exchanger (1) is able to exchange heat with The thermal conditioning circuit according to one of claims 1 to the air intended to discharge into the passenger compartment of a vehicle.
    [11] 11. The thermal conditioning circuit according to one of claims 1 to10, characterized in that the third heat exchanger (3) is able to exchange heatwith a fluid heated by thermal losses due to the operation of the motor vehicle engine.
    [12] 12.11, characterized in that the reversible device (6) is coupled to an electric The thermal conditioning circuit according to one of claims 1 to motor generator (7) able to form an electrical engine driving the reversibledevice (6) when the latter forms a compressor, and able to form an electrical 13 generator driven by the reversible device (6) when the Iatter forms a pressurereducer.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3012584B1|2018-05-11|
    WO2015062828A1|2015-05-07|
    DE112014004927T5|2016-07-21|
    FR3012584A1|2015-05-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JP2005030312A|2003-07-14|2005-02-03|Toyota Industries Corp|Expansion machine which is also used for compressor|
    DE102007006993B4|2006-03-27|2019-12-05|Hanon Systems|Carbon dioxide operated vehicle air conditioning system and method of operating the air conditioning system|
    US9086230B2|2007-05-25|2015-07-21|Mitsubishi Electric Corporation|Refrigeration cycle device|
    法律状态:
    2019-03-12| NAV| Patent application has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1360561A|FR3012584B1|2013-10-29|2013-10-29|THERMAL CONDITIONING CIRCUIT, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
    PCT/EP2014/071508|WO2015062828A1|2013-10-29|2014-10-08|Thermal conditioning circuit, notably for a motor vehicle|
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